Structural basis of latent TGF-β1 presentation and activation by GARP on human regulatory T cells

GARP Is Regulated by miRNAs and Controls Latent TGF-β1 Production by Human Regulatory T Cells

GARP is a transmembrane protein present on stimulated human regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs), but not on other T lymphocytes (Th cells). It presents the latent form of TGF-β1 on the Treg surface. We report here that GARP favors the cleavage of the pro-TGF-β1 precursor and increases the amount of secreted latent TGF-β1. Stimulated Tregs, which naturally express GARP, and Th cells transfected wit...

Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit T cell activation by releasing TGF-β1 from TGF-β1/GARP complex

Intervention with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reveals a promising therapeutic tool to treat transplantation and autoimmune disease due to their immunoregulation capability. But the mechanisms of action are not fully investigated yet. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) exhibit multiple effects in migration, differentiation, and immunomodulation of MSCs. Glycoprotein A repetitions predomina...

GARP Complex on T Regulatory β TGF - 1 from the Latent β Release of Active TGF

Regulation of the expression of GARP/latent TGF-β1 complexes on mouse T cells and their role in regulatory T cell and Th17 differentiation.

GARP/LRRC32 was defined as a marker of activated human regulatory T cells (Tregs) that is responsible for surface localization of latent TGF-β1. We find that GARP and latent TGF-β1 are also found on mouse Tregs activated via TCR stimulation; however, in contrast to human Tregs, GARP is also expressed at a low level on resting Tregs. The expression of GARP can be upregulated on mouse Tregs by IL...

Mediated by Integrin 1 / GARP Complex on T Regulatory β TGF - 1 from the Latent β Release of Active TGF